Alguns pacientes podem ter inicio subito ou unilateral. Causes the adrenal glands are two triangleshaped glands. Waterhousefriderichsen syndrome wfs is defined as adrenal gland failure due to bleeding. The condition is most frequently seen in children younger than 10 years old.
It is usually caused by severe meningococcal infection or other severe, bacterial infection. Massive adrenal haemorrhage waterhousefriderichsen syndrome 1 is an uncommon, but usually fatal, consequence of overwhelming sepsis. Waterhouse friderichsen syndrome wfs is a group of symptoms resulting from the failure of the adrenal glands to function normally as a result of bleeding into the gland. Waterhouse friderichsen syndrome is adrenal gland failure due to bleeding into the adrenal gland. A apresentacao clinica mais comum e como uma massa abdominal secundaria a hematocolpo, dor e dismenorreia. Waterhouse friderichsen syndrome can be caused by a number of different organisms see below. Most patients with this condition are children, although adults may rarely be affected. Waterhouse friderichsen syndrome is typically caused by neisseria meningitidis, but has been reported in sepsis from streptococcus pneumoniae, neisseria gonorrhoeae, pseudomonas aeruginosa, escherichia coli, haemophilus influenzae, and staphylococcus aureus. First described in 1894 by arthur francis voelcker 18611946 and in 1901 by the british dermatologist ernest gordon graham little 18671950. Des dahir, sensacio dopressio toracica i dispnea suspirosa. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. Waterhousefriderichsen syndrome genetic and rare diseases.
It is usually caused by severe meningococcal infection or. Waterhouse friderichsen syndrome is seen most frequently in patients with asplenia, and. Pathology outlines waterhousefriderichsen syndrome. The waterhousefriderichsen syndrome was described by the british physician r. Meningococcemia is a lifethreatening infection that occurs when the bacteria neisseria meningitidis invades the blood stream. Pdf we report a case of waterhousefriderichsen syndrome associated with. Staphylococcus aureus sepsis and the waterhousefriderichsen syndrome in children. Symptoms include acute adrenal gland insufficiency, and profound shock. Lapoplessia surrenalica, conosciuta anche come sindrome di waterhousefriderichsen wfs o purpura fulminans, e descritta come una necrosi emorragica. Dostoevsky and stendhals syndrome edson jose amancio1 abstract stendhals syndrome occurs among travelers when they encounter a work of art of great beaut y. In the uk, it is most frequently seen as a result of meningococcal infection, 2 and at necropsy often leads to a presumptive diagnosis of meningococcal septicaemia. This case on autopsy showed massive bilateral hemorrhage into the adrenal glands.
It is characterized by an altered perception of re a l i t y, emotional disturbances, and crises of panic and anxiety with somatization. Waterhouse in 1911 as a case of suprarenal apoplexy 1 and by c. Amerasinghe, a prominent professor and expert in the field of international litigation, warned. Bei systematisch untersuchten wfstodesfallen wurden regelma. The syndrome also has been associated with other bacterial pathogens, including streptococcus pneumoniae, group a betahemolytic streptococci, neisseria gonorrhoeae, escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae group b, salmonella choleraesuis, pasteurella. The waterhouse friderichsen syndrome is a clinical entity first described in 1911 by waterhouse 1 in an eightmonthold child.
See actions taken by the people who manage and post content. First reported as an entity by waterhouse in 1911, the syndrome received its present title following friderichsen s report in 1918 of a similar case with a fulminating course. The importance of the postmortem interval for the diagnosis of. Muerte subita por sepsis meningococica scielo espana. Autopsy, forensic microbiology, waterhousefriderichsen syndrome. One is stunned by the rapid and usually fatal progression of this clinical picture. Acute adrenal insufficiency related to bilateral adrenal hemorrhage although historically bilateral adrenal hemorrhage is associated with meningococcemia in children waterhouse friderichsen. Fatal purpura fulminans and waterhousefriderichsen syndrome. Adrenal hemorrhage observed during sepsis, as in the waterhouse friderichsen syndrome, may be attributable to endotoxemia occurring during or shortly after stimulation of the adrenal cortex by infection. Adrenal gland and paraganglia waterhouse friderichsen syndrome more common in children, particularly before age 2 years usually bilateral. Waterhouse friderichsen syndrome waterhousefriderichsen syndrome. Pdf fatal pneumococcal sepsis with waterhousefriderichsen. Waterhousefriderichsen syndrome definition of waterhouse.
Waterhousefriderichsen syndrome as a result of non. Feb 04, 2016 waterhouse friderichsen syndrome is most often associated with meningococcal disease accounts for 80% of cases. The onset of the illness is nonspecific with fever, rigors, vomiting, and headache. Waterhousefriderichsen syndrome, also known as hemorrhagic adrenalitis, is a condition that describes acute adrenal failure, caused by hemorrhage within the adrenal glands after a severe bacterial infection, in particular meningococcal disease. Waterhouse friderichsen syndrome also known as purpura fulminans 9 or hemorrhagic adrenalitis 10 is characterized by adrenal insufficiency that results from atraumatic adrenal hemorrhage in consequence of septicemia. Waterhousefriderichsen syndrome information mount sinai. Waterhouse friderichsen syndrome, a rare type of septicemia blood poisoning of rapid and severe onset, marked by fever, collapse and sometimes coma, hemorrhage from skin and mucous membranes, and severe bilateral hemorrhage of the adrenal cortical tissue. Waterhousefriderichsen syndrome by neisseria meningitidis in a. Significant differences between adrenal cortical hemorrhage and the shwartzman phenomenon are described. Facebook is showing information to help you better understand the purpose of a page. When caused by neisseria meningitidis, wfs is considered the most severe form of meningococcal sepsis. Waterhouse friderichsen syndrome waterhousefriderichsen. Waterhousefriderichsen syndrome radiology reference.
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